[{"explanation": "<p><strong>National Pharmaceutical Pricing Authority (NPPA)</strong></p>\n<p>It is an agency under Department of Pharmaceuticals under Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers.</p>\n<p>It is an independent regulator for pricing of drugs and to ensure availability and accessibility of medicines at affordable prices. (Not a statutory body, formed by executive resolution).</p>\n<p><strong>Functions of NPPA:</strong></p>\n<ol>\n<li>To implement and enforce provisions of Drugs (Prices Control) Order</li>\n<li>For Scheduled Drugs: NPPA can regulate the prices of both scheduled drugs (Part of National List of Essential Medicines) and non-scheduled drugs. For scheduled drugs, NPPA prescribes a ceiling price. Retailers cannot sell scheduled medicines above this price. Retail prices of scheduled drugs are revised on the basis of annual Wholesale Price Index for preceding calendar year.</li>\n<li>Monitor prices of decontrolled drugs and formulations</li>\n<li>Oversee implementation of Drugs (Prices Control) Order</li>\n<li>Monitor availability of drugs, identify shortages, if any, and to take remedial steps</li>\n<li>Collect/maintain data on production, export and import, market share of drugs.</li>\n<li>Advice Central Government on changes/revisions in the drug policy.</li>\n</ol>", "question": "<p>Consider the following statements about National Pharmaceutical Pricing Authority:</p>\n<ol>\n<li>It is a statutory body under Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers.</li>\n<li>It can only regulate price of drugs under National List of Essential Medicine.</li>\n</ol>\n<p>Which of the statements given above is/are correct?</p>", "options": [{"option_id": "5f0081867737d456e1c0d0aa", "is_correct_answer": false, "title": "<p>1 only</p>"}, {"option_id": "5f0081867737d456e1c0d0ab", "is_correct_answer": false, "title": "<p>2 only</p>"}, {"option_id": "5f0081867737d456e1c0d0ac", "is_correct_answer": false, "title": "<p>Both 1 and 2</p>"}, {"option_id": "5f0081867737d456e1c0d0ad", "is_correct_answer": true, "title": "<p>Neither 1 nor 2</p>"}], "question_id": "5f0081867737d456e1c0d0a9"}, {"explanation": "<p>Ministry of Health and Family Welfare had come out with Medical Devices rules. The order said that following devices intended for use in human beings or animals as drugs under the Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940.</p>\n<p>1) Diagnosis, prevention and monitoring, treatment of any disease, injury, disorder or disability</p>\n<p>2) Investigation, replacement, modification or support of anatomy or of a physiological process</p>\n<p>3) Supporting or sustaining life</p>\n<p>4) Disinfection of medical devices</p>\n<p>5) Control of conception.</p>\n<p>This order came into force on 1st April, 2020.</p>\n<p>Following the above regulation of Medical devices as drugs NPPA has power to regulate the prices of medical devices under powers vested in it by the Drugs (Price Control Order), 2013.</p>\n<p>Under the Drug Price Control Order, government has power to regulate prices of non-scheduled formulations and ensure that no manufacturer increases maximum retail price of a drug more than 10 percent of maximum retail price during preceding 12 months.</p>", "question": "<p>Consider the following statements about Medical Devices:</p>\n<ol>\n<li>Medical Devices have been classified as drugs under Drugs and Cosmetics Act.</li>\n<li>Prices of Medical Devices will be regulated by NPPA.</li>\n</ol>\n<p>Which of the statements given above is/are correct?</p>", "options": [{"option_id": "5f0081a87737d456e4d05d0a", "is_correct_answer": false, "title": "<p>1 only</p>"}, {"option_id": "5f0081a87737d456e4d05d0b", "is_correct_answer": false, "title": "<p>2 only</p>"}, {"option_id": "5f0081a87737d456e4d05d0c", "is_correct_answer": true, "title": "<p>Both 1 and 2</p>"}, {"option_id": "5f0081a87737d456e4d05d0d", "is_correct_answer": false, "title": "<p>Neither 1 nor 2</p>"}], "question_id": "5f0081a87737d456e4d05d09"}, {"explanation": "<p>A pulse oximeter is a small, lightweight device used to monitor the amount of oxygen carried in the body. This noninvasive tool attaches painlessly to your fingertip, sending two wavelengths of light through the finger to measure your pulse rate and how much oxygen is in your system. Once the oximeter finishes its assessment, its screen will display the percent of oxygen in your blood coming from your heart&mdash;as well as your current pulse rate.</p>", "question": "<p>Consider the following statements about Pulse Oximeter:</p>", "options": [{"option_id": "5f0081c47737d456e4d05d11", "is_correct_answer": false, "title": "<p>It measures oxygen saturation of blood using&nbsp; testing on blood samples taken from people.</p>"}, {"option_id": "5f0081c47737d456e4d05d12", "is_correct_answer": false, "title": "<p>It measures the pulse rate</p>"}, {"option_id": "5f0081c47737d456e4d05d13", "is_correct_answer": true, "title": "<p>It is an non-invasive device which measures blood oxygen saturation levels by fixing on fingers.</p>"}, {"option_id": "5f0081c47737d456e4d05d14", "is_correct_answer": false, "title": "<p>It is a device which is used to measure oxygen saturation of waterbodies.</p>"}], "question_id": "5f0081c47737d456e4d05d10"}, {"explanation": "<ul>\n<li>Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve includes Nagarahole NP, Mudumalai WS, Wyanad WS, Bandipur NP, , Mukurthi NP and Silent Valley NP and Sathyamangalam WP ( wildlife corridor between western and eastern ghats)</li>\n<li>Neyyar WS is part of agasthyamala Biosphere Reserve.</li>\n</ul>", "question": "<p>Which of the following protected areas are part of the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve :</p>\n<ol>\n<li>Nagarahole NP</li>\n<li>Wyanad WS</li>\n<li>Bandipur NP</li>\n<li>Neyyar WS</li>\n</ol>\n<p>Select the correct answer using the code given below:</p>", "options": [{"option_id": "5f0081e37737d456e4d05d17", "is_correct_answer": false, "title": "<p>1 and 2 only</p>"}, {"option_id": "5f0081e37737d456e4d05d18", "is_correct_answer": true, "title": "<p>1, 2 and 3 only</p>"}, {"option_id": "5f0081e37737d456e4d05d19", "is_correct_answer": false, "title": "<p>2, 3 and 4 only</p>"}, {"option_id": "5f0081e37737d456e4d05d1a", "is_correct_answer": false, "title": "<p>All of the above</p>"}], "question_id": "5f0081e37737d456e4d05d16"}, {"explanation": "<ul>\n<li>The UN Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment prescribes that each State shall take effective legislative, administrative, judicial or other measure to prevent acts of torture.</li>\n<li>It requires states to take effective measures to prevent torture in any territory under their jurisdiction, and forbids states to transport people to any country where there is reason to believe they will be tortured.</li>\n<li>Definition of Torture - Any act by which\n<ul>\n<li>Severe pain or suffering, whether physical or mental, is intentionally inflicted on a person to obtain Information from him or a third person information or a confession,</li>\n<li>Punishing him for an act he or a third person has committed or is suspected of having committed, or</li>\n<li>Intimidating or coercing him or a third person, for any reason based on discrimination of any kind,</li>\n</ul>\n</li>\n</ul>\n<p>when such pain or suffering is inflicted by or at the instigation of or with the consent or acquiescence of a public official or other person acting in an official capacity. It does not include pain or suffering arising only from, inherent in or incidental to lawful sanctions.&rdquo;</p>\n<ul>\n<li>A State Party is required to ensure that all acts of torture are offences under their criminal law, including attempts to commit torture and acts by any person which constitutes complicity or participation in torture.</li>\n</ul>", "question": "<p>Consider the following statements about United Nations Convention on Torture:</p>\n<ol>\n<li>It requires states to take effective measures to prevent torture in any territory under their jurisdiction and forbids states to transport people to any country where there is reason to believe they will be tortured.</li>\n<li>India has ratified this convention</li>\n</ol>\n<p>Which of the statements given above is/are correct?</p>", "options": [{"option_id": "5f0082037737d456de4616c5", "is_correct_answer": true, "title": "<p>1 only</p>"}, {"option_id": "5f0082037737d456de4616c6", "is_correct_answer": false, "title": "<p>2 only</p>"}, {"option_id": "5f0082037737d456de4616c7", "is_correct_answer": false, "title": "<p>Both 1 and 2</p>"}, {"option_id": "5f0082037737d456de4616c8", "is_correct_answer": false, "title": "<p>Neither 1 nor 2</p>"}], "question_id": "5f0082037737d456de4616c4"}]

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